''Other missions bearing the name San Juan Bautista include the Misión San Juan Bautista Malibat (Misión Liguí) in Baja California Sur and the Misión San Juan Bautista in Coahuila, Mexico. Mission San Juan Bautista was founded on June 24, 1797 in what is now the San Juan Bautista Historic District of San Juan Bautista, California. Barracks for the soldiers, a nunnery, the Jose Castro House, and other buildings were constructed around a large grassy plaza in front of the church and can be seen today in their original form. The Ohlone, the original residents of the valley, were converted and brought to live at the Mission, followed by Yokuts from the Central Valley. Mission San Juan Bautista has served mass daily since 1797. It is the largest of the Spanish missions in California [9]

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Precontact

The current prevailing theory postulates that Paleo-Indians entered the Americas from Asia via a land bridge called "Beringia" that connected eastern Siberia with present-day Alaska (when sea levels were significantly lower, due to widespread glaciation) between about 15,000 to 35,000 years ago. The remains of Arlington Springs Man on Santa Rosa Island are among the traces of a very early habitation in California, dated to the last ice age (Wisconsin glaciation) about 13,000 years ago. The first humans are therefore thought to have made their homes among the southern valleys of California's coastal mountain ranges some 10,000 to 12,000 years ago; the earliest of these people are known only from archaeological evidence. ^[10] The cultural impacts resulting from climactic changes and other natural events during this broad expanse of time were negligible; conversely, European contact was a momentous event, which profoundly affected California's native people. ^[11]

History

Father Pedro Estévan Tápis (who had a special talent for music) joined Father de la Cuesta at Mission San Juan Bautista in 1815 to teach singing to the Indians. He created a system using colors for different types of music notes which made it easier for the novices to follow. His choir of Native American boys performed for many visitors, earning the San Juan Bautista Mission the nickname "the Mission of Music." Two of his handwritten choir books are preserved at the San Juan Bautista Museum. When Father Tapis died in 1825 he was buried on the Mission grounds. The town of San Juan Bautista, which grew up around the Mission, expanded rapidly during the California Gold Rush and continues to be a thriving community today. The structures suffered extensive damage in the earthquakes of 1800 and 1906; the Mission was restored initially 1884, and then again in 1949 with funding from the Hearst Foundation, and today continues to serve as a parish of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Monterey.

The Mission and its grounds were featured prominently in the 1958 Alfred Hitchcock film Vertigo . Associate producer Herbert Coleman's daughter Judy Lanini suggested the Mission to Hitchcock as a filming location. A steeple, added sometime after the Mission's original construction and secularization had been demolished following a fire, so Hitchcock added a "bell tower" using scale models, matte paintings, and trick photography at the Paramount Pictures studio in Los Angeles. The Mission was built on the San Andreas Fault and has suffered damage from numerous earthquakes over the years, but it has never been demolished. An unpaved stretch of the original El Camino Real, just east of the Mission, lies on a fault scarp. ^[12]

Notes

1. Bennett 1897b, p. 153
2. Ruscin, p. 121
3. Yenne, p. 132
4. Ruscin, p. 196
5. Forbes, p. 202
6. Ruscin, p. 195
7. Krell, p. 315: as of December 31, 1832; information adapted from Engelhardt's ''Missions and Missionaries of California''.
8. Krell, p. 241
9. NHL Summary for Historic District
10. Paddison, p. 333: The first undisputable archaeological evidence of human presence in California dates back to ''circa'' 8,000 BCE.
11. Jones and Klar 2005, p. 53: "''Understanding how and when humans first settled California is intimately linked to the initial colonization of the Americas''."
12. Robert Iacopi, ''Earthquake Country'' (Menlo Park:Lane Publishing, 1964, 1971)

References

1. Bennett 1897b, p. 153
2. Ruscin, p. 121
3. Yenne, p. 132
4. Ruscin, p. 196
5. Forbes, p. 202
6. Ruscin, p. 195
7. Krell, p. 315: as of December 31, 1832; information adapted from Engelhardt's ''Missions and Missionaries of California''.
8. Krell, p. 241
9. NHL Summary for Historic District
10. Paddison, p. 333: The first undisputable archaeological evidence of human presence in California dates back to ''circa'' 8,000 BCE.
11. Jones and Klar 2005, p. 53: "''Understanding how and when humans first settled California is intimately linked to the initial colonization of the Americas''."
12. Robert Iacopi, ''Earthquake Country'' (Menlo Park:Lane Publishing, 1964, 1971)