The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a poker tournament [1] held annually in Las Vegas. The first WSOP in 1970 was an invitational wherein Benny Binion invited six of the best known poker players to The Horseshoe Casino. At first, the WSOP grew slowly. It was twelve years before the WSOP drew 52 participants, in 1982.
The first World Series of Poker was not a freeze-out tournament, but rather an event with a set start- and stop-time with the winner determined by secret ballot. [2] In 1973, five-card stud was added as a second event. Since 2007, the WSOP has consisted of 55 events. While events traditionally take place over one or more consecutive days during the series in June and July, in 2008 the Main Event final table was delayed until November. The winner of each event receives a World Series of Poker bracelet and a monetary prize based on the number of entrants and buy-in amounts. A World Series of Poker bracelet is considered the most coveted prize or trophy a poker player can win, with one from the Main Event revered above all others. [3] Since 1976, a bracelet has been awarded to the winner of every event at the annual WSOP. WSOP victories prior to 1976 are also known as "bracelets". Most of the major poker variants are featured, though in recent years over half of the events have been variants of Texas hold 'em.
The series culminates with the $10,000 no-limit hold'em "Main Event", which since 2004 has attracted entrants numbering in the thousands. The victor receives a multi-million dollar prize. The winner of the World Series of Poker Main Event is considered to be the World Champion of Poker. [4] Since its inception, Stu Ungar and Johnny Moss are the only players to have won the Main Event three times, though Moss's first victory came in a different format than that now used as he was elected winner by vote of his fellow players at the conclusion of what was then a timed event. Moss (if the first time win by vote is counted), Ungar, Doyle Brunson, and Johnny Chan are the only people who have won the Main Event in consecutive years. Johnny Chan's second victory in 1988 was featured on the 1998 film Rounders
. Phil Hellmuth holds multiple WSOP records: most bracelets (11), most WSOP cashes (68), and most WSOP final tables (41). [5] The 2008 Main Event bracelet winner, Peter Eastgate, is the youngest person to win the Main Event. [6] Since 2005, the WSOP has been sponsored by Harrah's Entertainment.
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WORLD SERIES OF POKER TICKETS
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Format
Since 1971, all WSOP events have been tournaments with cash prizes. In
1973 a five-card stud event was added. Since then, new events have been added and removed. In
2006 there were 45 events at the WSOP, covering the majority of
poker variants. Currently, Texas hold 'em,
Omaha hold 'em and
Seven-card stud and their
lowball variants (if any) are played.
H.O.R.S.E. has been played in the past and returned in 2006. Also,
S.H.O.E. has been played in the past, and returned in 2007. Other events played in the past include
Chinese poker, Five card stud, and many others. Like most tournaments, the sponsoring casino takes an entry fee (a percentage between 6% and 10%, depending on the
buy-in) and distributes the rest, hence the prize money increasing with more players. In the 2005 main event US$52,818,610 in prize money was distributed among 560 players, with US$7.5 million as the first prize.
Highlights
The number of participants in the WSOP grew every year from 2000 until 2006. Following 2006, new online gambling legislation restricted the number of online qualifiers to the event. 2007 was the first dip in numbers in this century while in 2008 more people participated than the previous year. In
2000 there were 4,780 entrants in the various events, but in 2005, the number rose to over 23,000 players. In the main event alone, the number of participants grew from 839 in
2003 to 8,773 in 2006.
Phil Hellmuth has the
most bracelets with eleven, while
Doyle Brunson and
Johnny Chan have each won ten bracelets.
Crandell Addington is the only player to place in the top ten of the World Series of Poker Main Event eight times, albeit in earlier years with small fields compared to modern times. Four players have won the main event multiple times:
Johnny Moss (
1971 and
1974),
Doyle Brunson (
1976 and
1977),
Stu Ungar (
1980,
1981 and
1997) and
Johnny Chan (
1987 and
1988). Bracelet winners who first achieved fame in other fields include French actor/singer
Patrick Bruel (in
1998), Danish soccer player
Jan Vang Sørensen (in
2002) and American actress
Jennifer Tilly (in
2005).
In recent years, there have been
non-bracelet events at the WSOP, two of the most notable is the "World Series of Rock Paper Scissors" and "Ante Up for Africa."
History
The idea of a World Series of Poker began in 1969 with an event called the
Texas Gambling Reunion. It was as an invitational event sponsored by Tom Moore of San Antonio, Texas, and held at the
Holiday Hotel and Casino in
Reno. This inaugural event was won by
Crandell Addington. The set of tournaments that the World Series of Poker (WSOP) would evolve into was the brainchild of
Las Vegas casino owner and poker player
Benny Binion. In 1970, the first WSOP at
Binion's Horseshoe took place as a series of cash games that included
five-card stud,
deuce to seven low-ball draw,
razz,
seven-card stud, and
Texas hold 'em. The format for the Main Event as a freeze-out Texas hold 'em game came the next year. The winner in 1970,
Johnny Moss, was elected by his peers as the first
World Champion of Poker
and received a silver cup as a prize.
Acquired by Harrah's
In 2004,
Harrah's Entertainment purchased Binion's Horseshoe, kept the rights to the Horseshoe and World Series of Poker brands, sold the hotel and casino to
MTR Gaming Group, and announced that the 2005 Series events would be held at the Harrah's-owned
Rio Hotel and Casino, located just off the
Las Vegas Strip. The final two days of the main event in 2005 were held downtown at what is now the MTR operated "Binion's" in celebration of the
centennial of the founding of Las Vegas. It also added a made-for-television $2 million "freeroll" invitational "
Tournament of Champions" (TOC) event first won by
Annie Duke as a "winner-take-all" event.
Starting in 2005, the WSOP began a tournament "circuit" at Harrah's-owned properties in the United States where in addition to the $10,000 buy-in tournament at each site, qualifying players became eligible for a revamped Tournament of Champions. The 2005 TOC, made up of the top twenty qualifying players at each circuit event, along with the final table from the 2005 Main Event and the winners of nine or more bracelets (Johnny Chan, Doyle Brunson, and Phil Hellmuth) would participate in the revamped TOC at
Caesar's Palace.
Mike Matusow won the first prize of $1 million (US), and all the players at the final table were guaranteed a minimum of $25,000 for the eighth and ninth place finishers. During a break in the final table of the 2005 Main Event on July 16, Harrah's announced that eleven properties — including the recently added Bally's and Caesar's properties — would host 2005–06 WSOP Circuit events that started on August 11 in Tunica, Mississippi. One event, that was scheduled for
Biloxi, Mississippi, was canceled after the
Grand Casino Biloxi, which was scheduled to host the event, suffered major damage from
Hurricane Katrina. The Rio also hosted the
2006 World Series of Poker, which began on June 25 with satellite events and formally began the day after with the annual Casino Employee event, won in 2006 by
Chris Gros. 2006 featured the "
Tournament of Champions" on June 25 and 26, won by
Mike Sexton. Various events led up to the main event, which was held from July 28 until August 10. The first prize of $12 million was awarded to
Jamie Gold.
Main Event
The Main Event of the WSOP has been the $10,000 buy-in no-limit Texas Hold 'Em (TXHE) tournament since
1972. (In
1971, the buy-in was $5,000.) Winners of the event not only get the largest prize of the tournament and a gold bracelet, but additionally their picture is placed in the
Gallery of Champions
at Binion's. The winner of the Main Event has traditionally been given the unofficial title of World Champion. However, the game's top professionals
[who?] have stated that the recently-added $50,000
H.O.R.S.E. event is the one which ultimately decides the world's best player. The $50,000 buy-in, being five times larger than the buy-in for the Main Event, has thus far tended to deter amateurs from playing in this event, and the variety of games played require a broader knowledge of poker. The first H.O.R.S.E. tournament was won by
Chip Reese in
2006. Since his death in December 2007, the winner of this event receives the David 'Chip' Reese Memorial Trophy in addition to the bracelet and the prize money.
There have been many memorable moments during the main events, including
Jack Straus's
1982 comeback win after discovering he had one $500 chip left when he thought he was out of the tournament. The end of the 1988 main event was featured in the movie
Rounders
.
Chris Moneymaker and
Greg Raymer, the winners in
2003 and
2004, both qualified for the main event through satellite tournaments at the
PokerStars online cardroom.
Jerry Yang, the winner in
2007, had only been playing poker for two years prior to his victory. He won his seat at a $225 satellite tournament at
Pechanga Resort & Casino, in California. With passage of the
Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act (UIGEA) of 2006 online poker sites have been barred from purchasing entrance directly for their users. This may have been the cause of the smaller field size in 2007. With the exception of winners of the World Series of Poker Main Event
satellite tournaments (who automatically win a spot in the main event), all players (including former champions, celebrities, and professional poker players) must supply the $10,000
buy-in in order to participate.
Main Event results
| Year
| Winner
| Winning
hand
| Prize (USD)
| Entrants
| Runner-Up
| Losing
hand
|
| 1970
| Johnny Moss
| n/a, awarded
by vote
| n/a
| 7
| n/a
|
|
| 1971
| Johnny Moss
|
| 30,000sm=n
| 6
| Walter "Puggy" Pearson
|
|
| 1972
| "Amarillo Slim" Preston
| K J
| 80,000sm=n
| 8
| Walter "Puggy" Pearson
| 6 6
|
| 1973
| Walter "Puggy" Pearson
| A?
7?
| 130,000sm=n
| 13
| Johnny Moss
| K?
J?
|
| 1974
| Johnny Moss
| 3?
3?
| 160,000sm=n
| 16
| Crandall Addington
| A?
2?
|
| 1975
| Brian "Sailor" Roberts
| 9?
9?
| 210,000sm=n
| 21
| Bob Hooks
| A?
K?
|
| 1976
| Doyle Brunson
| 10?
2?
| 220,000sm=n
| 22
| Jesse Alto
| A?
J?
|
| 1977
| Doyle Brunson
| 10?
2?
| 340,000sm=n
| 34
| Gary Berland
| 8?
5?
|
| 1978
| Bobby Baldwin
| Q?
Q?
| 210,000sm=n
| 42
| Crandall Addington
| 9?
9?
|
| 1979
| Hal Fowler
| 7?
6?
| 270,000sm=n
| 54
| Bobby Hoff
| A?
A?
|
| 1980
| Stu Ungar
| 5?
4?
| 385,000sm=n
| 73
| Doyle Brunson
| A?
7?
|
| 1981
| Stu Ungar
| A?
Q?
| 375,000sm=n
| 75
| Perry Green
| 10?
9?
|
| 1982
| Jack Straus
| A?
10?
| 520,000sm=n
| 104
| Dewey Tomko
| A?
4?
|
| 1983
| Tom McEvoy
| Q?
Q?
| 540,000sm=n
| 108
| Rod Peate
| K?
J?
|
| 1984
| Jack Keller
| 10?
10?
| 660,000sm=n
| 132
| Byron Wolford
| 6?
4?
|
| 1985
| Bill Smith
| 3?
3?
| 700,000sm=n
| 140
| T. J. Cloutier
| A?
3?
|
| 1986
| Berry Johnston
| A?
10?
| 570,000sm=n
| 141
| Mike Harthcock
| A?
8?
|
| 1987
| Johnny Chan
| A?
9?
| 625,000sm=n
| 152
| Frank Henderson
| 4?
4?
|
| 1988
| Johnny Chan
| J?
9?
| 700,000sm=n
| 167
| Erik Seidel
| Q?
7?
|
| 1989
| Phil Hellmuth, Jr.
| 9?
9?
| 755,000sm=n
| 178
| Johnny Chan
| A?
7?
|
| 1990
| Mansour Matloubi
| 6?
6?
| 895,000sm=n
| 194
| Hans Lund
| 4?
4?
|
| 1991
| Brad Daugherty
| K?
J?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 215
| Don Holt
| 7?
3?
|
| 1992
| Hamid Dastmalchi
| 8?
4?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 201
| Tom Jacobs
| J?
7?
|
| 1993
| Jim Bechtel
| J?
6?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 220
| Glenn Cozen
| 7?
4?
|
| 1994
| Russ Hamilton
| K?
8?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 268
| Hugh Vincent
| 8?
5?
|
| 1995
| Dan Harrington
| 9?
8?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 273
| Howard Goldfarb
| A?
7?
|
| 1996
| Huck Seed
| 9?
8?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 295
| Bruce Van Horn
| K?
8?
|
| 1997
| Stu Ungar
| A?
4?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 312
| John Strzemp, II
| A?
8?
|
| 1998
| Scotty Nguyen
| J?
9?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 350
| Kevin McBride
| Q?
10?
|
| 1999
| Noel Furlong
| 5?
5?
| 1,000,000sm=n
| 393
| Alan Goehring
| 6?
6?
|
| 2000
| Chris Ferguson
| A?
9?
| 1,500,000sm=n
| 512
| T. J. Cloutier
| A?
Q?
|
| 2001
| Juan Carlos Mortensen
| K?
Q?
| 1,500,000sm=n
| 613
| Dewey Tomko
| A?
A?
|
| 2002
| Robert Varkonyi
| Q?
10?
| 2,000,000sm=n
| 631
| Julian Gardner
| J?
8?
|
| 2003
| Chris Moneymaker
| 5?
4?
| 2,500,000sm=n
| 839
| Sam Farha
| J?
10?
|
| 2004
| Greg Raymer
| 8?
8?
| 5,000,000sm=n
| 2,576
| David Williams
| A?
4?
|
| 2005
| Joe Hachem
| 7?
3?
| 7,500,000sm=n
| 5,619
| Steve Dannenmann
| A?
3?
|
| 2006
| Jamie Gold
| Q?
9?
| 12,000,000sm=n
| 8,773
| Paul Wasicka
| 10?
10?
|
| 2007
| Jerry Yang
| 8?
8?
| 8,250,000sm=n
| 6,358
| Tuan Lam
| A?
Q?
|
| 2008
| Peter Eastgate
| A?
5?
| 9,152,416sm=n
| 6,844
| Ivan Demidov
| 4?
2?
|
| 2009
| TBD
| TBD
| 8,546,435sm=n
| 6,494
| TBD
| TBD
|
Player of the Year
Since 2004, a Player of the Year Award has been given to the player with the most points accumulated throughout the World Series. Only "open" events in which all players can participate count in the standings. Beginning with the 2006 World Series of Poker, the Main Event and the $50,000 H.O.R.S.E. competition had no effect on the outcome of the winner of the Player of the Year award. In the 2008 World Series of Poker, the $50,000 H.O.R.S.E. event counted toward the Player of the Year award, but the Main Event did not. In 2009, all open events, including the Main Event, count towards Player of the Year. The Player of the Year is based upon performance at the WSOP in Las Vegas and does not take into account the World Series of Poker Europe.
| Year
| Winner
| Bracelets
| Final Tables
| Money Finishes
|
| 2004
| Daniel Negreanu
| 1
| 5
| 6
|
| 2005
| Allen Cunningham
| 1
| 4
| 5
|
| 2006
| Jeff Madsen
| 2
| 4
| 4
|
| 2007
| Tom Schneider
| 2
| 3
| 3
|
| 2008
| Erick Lindgren
| 1
| 3
| 5
|
| 2009
| Jeff Lisandro
| 3
| 4
| 6
|
World Series of Poker Europe
The
World Series of Poker Europe
(WSOPE) is the first expansion of the
World Series of Poker. Since 1970, the event has occurred every year in
Las Vegas. In September 2007, the first WSOP championship events outside of Las Vegas, complete with
bracelets, were held.
[7] The inaugural WSOPE consisted of three events held in
London from September 6–17, 2007. The main event, a
GBP 10,000 buy-in no-limit hold 'em tournament, was won by
Norwegian online prodigy
Annette Obrestad on the day before her 19th birthday. This made her the youngest person ever to win a WSOP bracelet, a record that cannot be broken in the Las Vegas WSOP under current laws because the minimum legal age for casino gaming in
Nevada is 21. Obrestad could play in the WSOPE because the minimum age for casino gaming in the
United Kingdom is 18. While no definitive plans have been announced, WSOP Commissioner
Jeffrey Pollack has indicated that in the next one to three years that other venues may start holding WSOP events. Two locations that have been mentioned as possible expansion sites are Egypt and South Africa.
[8]
| Year
| Winner / Winning Hand
| Prize (£)
| Entrants
| Runner-Up / Losing Hand
|
| 2007
| Annette Obrestad 7?
7?
| £1,000,000
| 362
| John Tabatabai 5?
6?
|
| 2008
| John Juanda K?
6?
| £868,800
| 362
| Stanislav Alekhin A?
9?
|
Marketing
The WSOP has corporate sponsors and licensed products which pay fees to market themselves as an official sponsors and/or licensees and exclusively use the WSOP insignia and cross-promote with their events. Besides the Harrah's properties and ESPN, major sponsors have included
Miller Brewing's "Milwaukee's Best" brand of beers, Pepsi's
SoBe Adrenaline Rush energy drink (sponsors of the 2005 TOC), Helene Curtis'
Degree brand of anti-perspirant/deodorant,
United States Playing Card's Bicycle Pro Cards,
Bluff magazine,
GlaxoSmithKline/
Bayer's
Levitra erectile dysfunction medicine, and
The Hershey Company. Licensees include
Glu Mobile,
Activision (video games for different platforms such as
Nintendo's
GameCube,
Microsoft's
Xbox,
Sony's
PlayStation 2, and PC, featuring computer-generated versions of stars like Ferguson), and products made by different companies ranging from chip sets, playing cards, hand-held games, and clothing like caps and shirts. The official playing cards and chips are manufactured by
Excalibur Electronics, Inc. which is based out of
Miami,
Florida and has been the main chip licensee since 2005. The fees and licenses bring in more than a million dollars to Harrah's.
WSOP television coverage
1970s–1980s
The earliest filming of the World Series was a special produced by Binion's Horseshoe in 1973 and narrated by
Jimmy "The Greek" Snyder.
CBS began covering the World Series in the late 1970s. In the early 1980s, the event was again broadcast as specials. In the late 1980s, the World Series returned to television as
ESPN took over broadcasting. Initially, coverage consisted of just a single one-hour taped-delay broadcast of the main event.
1990s
ESPN Classic currently airs many of the old broadcasts, especially from the mid 1990s and beyond. The most striking thing about the early coverage is how little was actually shown, since no "pocket cam" existed. Generally, ESPN used poker-playing actors such as
Dick Van Patten,
Vince Van Patten, and
Gabe Kaplan, with either the
tournament director (usually
Jim Albrecht) or a poker pro like
Phil Hellmuth joining the team. Early coverage was primitive compared to what ESPN does now, with no pre-taped interviews or profiles on the players. The commentators were actually on the casino floor itself. The
2002 WSOP was the first with the "sneak peek" (later called the pocket cam, or
hole cam). 2003 was the first year that the broadcast covered action preceding the final table. Since then, ESPN has greatly expanded its coverage to include many of the preliminary events of the WSOP, especially Texas Hold 'Em. Also, their coverage of the main event now typically includes at least one hour program on each day. For the first two years of its existence, ESPN was broadcasting one hour programs of the "circuit" events that the WSOP has at various Harrah's-owned casinos, but ESPN did not renew these events. ESPN's coverage now includes many of the trappings of sports coverage, such as lighter segments (called "The Nuts") and interviews. ESPN's coverage has been largely driven by Matt Maranz, Executive Producer for the WSOP telecasts. Maranz leads 441 Productions, which produces the telecast under contract to ESPN's unit ESPN Original Entertainment (EOE). Maranz has significant sports production experience, having previously worked on ESPN's football pre-game show, and has also produced taped segments for
NBC's Olympic coverage.
2000s
In 2000 and 2001, the World Series of Poker was broadcast by The Discovery Channel. These hour long programs presented more of an overview or recap of the WSOP as opposed to broadcasting an actual live event with play-by-play analysis and color commentary. The Discovery Channel's broadcast also featured final table players interviews interlaced throughout the show. ESPN would resume coverage the following year. ESPN's coverage in 2002 was typical of their coverage in the 1990s (recorded in video, little or no post-production commentary or player profiles, no card cams). However, the final table broadcast was expanded over two one-hour episodes. In 2003, ESPN expanded their coverage to new heights with their coverage of the WSOP. They included coverage of the entire tournament, with a "Featured Table". At this table, the viewers could see the player's hole cards and subsequent strategy. The action was also broadcast as if live, though on tape-delay. This level of coverage arguably led to the popularity boom of No-Limit Texas Hold 'Em.
Coverage would increase in 2004 and 2005 to include preliminary events from the WSOP, in addition to the "Main Event". ESPN has expanded poker to all-new levels, especially with their coverage of the 2006 WSOP, including providing the entire final table of the 2006 Main Event via pay-per-view airing. In 2008, ESPN experimented with the idea of a delayed final table. This idea presented greater sponsorship opportunities and notoriety, culminating in a recap of the Main Event and the conclusion of the 2008 Main Event final table. This year's Main Event champion was Peter Eastgate. In 2009,
ESPN announced they will keep the final table delay again, moving the final table to November 2009. The intent is to build up anticipation for the year's biggest poker event. The WSOP has also decided there will be no re-buy events in 2009. The decision was reached because of circuit rumblings that re-buy events provided an unfair advantage to professionals with no limitation on how much money they can spend for an event. There will be 57 bracelet events this year.
WSOP broadcasters
This list is incomplete; you can help by [ expanding it]
.
- 1973 (special) - Jimmy "The Greek" Snyder
- 1978 (CBS) - Brent Musburger and Jimmy "The Greek" Snyder
- 1979 (CBS) - Frank Glieber and Jimmy "The Greek" Snyder
- 1981 (special) - Curt Gowdy
- 1983 (special) - Curt Gowdy and Bobby Baldwin
- 1987 (special) - Ted Robinson
- 1988 (ESPN) - Chris Marlowe
- 1989 (ESPN) - Chris Marlowe
- 1990 (ESPN) - Chris Marlowe
- 1991 (ESPN) - Chris Marlowe
- 1992 (ESPN) - Chris Marlowe
- 1993 (ESPN) - Dick Van Patten and Jim Albrecht
- 1994 (ESPN) - Dick Van Patten and Jim Albrecht
- 1995 (ESPN) - Dick Van Patten and Jim Albrecht
- 1996 - Was not televised
- 1997 (ESPN) - Gabe Kaplan and Jim Albrecht
- 1998 (ESPN) - Vince Van Patten and Jim Albrecht
- 2000 (The Discovery Channel)
- 2001 (The Discovery Channel)
|
- 2002 (ESPN) - Lon McEachern and Gabe Kaplan; (ESPN Latin America - Spanish) - Gabriela Hill
- 2003 (ESPN) - Lon McEachern and Norman Chad; (ESPN Latin America - Spanish) - Gabriela Hill
- 2004 (ESPN) - Lon McEachern and Norman Chad; (ESPN Deportes and ESPN Latin America - Spanish) - Gabriela Hill
- 2005 (ESPN) - Lon McEachern and Norman Chad; (ESPN Deportes and ESPN Latin America - Spanish) - Gabriela Hill and Andrés Agulla
- 2006 (ESPN) - Lon McEachern and Norman Chad; Phil Gordon and Ali Nejad in Main Event Pay-per-view; (ESPN Deportes and ESPN Latin America - Spanish) - Gabriela Hill and Andrés Agulla
- 2007 (ESPN) - Lon McEachern and Norman Chad; Phil Gordon and Ali Nejad in Main Event Pay-per-view; (ESPN Deportes and ESPN Latin America - Spanish) - Fernando Álvarez and Gabriela Hill
- 2008 (ESPN) - Lon McEachern and Norman Chad; (ESPN Deportes and ESPN Latin America - Spanish) - Fernando Álvarez and Gabriela Hill
- 2009 (ESPN) - Lon McEachern and Norman Chad; (ESPN Deportes and ESPN Latin America - Spanish) - Georgina Ruizsandoval and Fernando Álvarez
|
Expansion
Video games
In 2005, a
video game based on the tournament, titled
World Series of Poker
, was released for several consoles and the computer. A sequel called
World Series of Poker: Tournament of Champions
came out in 2006. In 2007,
World Series of Poker 2008: Battle for the Bracelets
was released. WSOP video poker machines now appear at some Harrah's casinos; the machines are standard video poker machines, but have a bonus feature which allows a player to play a modified game of Texas Hold 'em against the machine.
[9]
WSOP Poker Academy
Beginning in 2007, Harrah's announced the creation of the World Series of Poker Academy, a poker school aimed at providing poker players with the skills needed to win a WSOP Bracelet. The instructors for the Academy include
Annie Duke,
Phil Hellmuth, Jr.,
Greg Raymer,
Scott Fischman,
Mark Kroon,
Mark Seif, Alex Outhred, Former
FBI interrogator
Joe Navarro. Initial academies were launched in
Tunica, Mississippi,
Indiana, and
Las Vegas.
References
- World Series of Poker History
- A History of the WSOP: The Champions
- Poker's glory is about the bracelet, not the money
- Final Table Set at World Series of Poker Main Event; Nine to Compete at Rio for $12 Million and Title of World Champion
- Hellmuth's legacy?
- Peter Eastgate
- Harrah's Set to Launch World Series of Poker Europe Feb 27, 2007. Gaming Business Accessed 7/25/07
- Bambach, Mike.World Series of Poker ups the ante, expands event to Europe 6-28-07. USA Today. Accessed 7/25/07
- http://www.wms.com//game-detail.php?Themes=605